Sideroblastic anemia, a rare disease of multiple causes

Authors

  • Lina Maria Martinez Sanchez Facultad de Medicina | Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana | Cll 78 B No 72 A 109 Robledo, Bloque B 5to piso | Medellín, COLOMBIA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9555-0843
  • Santiago Castañeda Palacio Facultad de Medicina | Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana | Cll 78 B No 72 A 109 Robledo, Bloque B 5to piso | Medellín, COLOMBIA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9900-8402

Keywords:

sideroblastic anemia, congenital anomalies, 5-aminolevulinate synthetase, hematopoiesis

Abstract

Introduction: Sideroblastic anemia is a hematological disorder that alters the hematopoiesis
process. This condition affects, to a great extent, the erythroid line. In addition, alterations occur in the synthesis of the heme group due to mitochondrial dysfunction in the bone marrow cells.


Objective: To investigate sideroblastic anemia, its variables and the different types of
presentation of this disease.


Methods: A literature review was carried out in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Lilacs and
ScienceDirect databases, using the descriptors anemia sideroblástica [sideroblastic anemia],
hematopoyesis [hematopoiesis], anomalías congénitas [congenital anomalies] and 5-
aminolevulinato sintetasa [5-aminolevulinate synthetase], in Spanish and English. Twety-six articles related to the topic were selected. An analysis and summary of the revised bibliography was carried out.


Information analysis and synthesis: It is a disease of congenital origin or secondary to other
processes such as alcohol consumption or induced by some medications. It occurs infrequently and its diagnosis is mostly made through laboratory studies, such as peripheral blood smear and bone marrow study, to which various stains can be applied, as well as sequencing or even polymerase chain reaction.


Conclusion: Sideroblastic anemia is a disease that can be related to other hematological
alterations that modify iron metabolism. The curative treatment is the transfusion of blood
components. An individualized approach should be used according to the type of sideroblastic anemia.

 

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Published

2020-12-04

How to Cite

1.
Martinez Sanchez LM, Castañeda Palacio S. Sideroblastic anemia, a rare disease of multiple causes. Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter [Internet]. 2020 Dec. 4 [cited 2025 May 12];36(3). Available from: https://revhematologia.sld.cu/index.php/hih/article/view/1201

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Section

Artículos de Revisión