Cytogenetic diagnosis of Fanconi anemia in Cuban patients with clinical suspicion of the disease

Authors

Keywords:

Fanconi anemia, chromosomal breakages, mitomycin C, aplastic anemia.

Abstract

Introduction: Fanconi anemia is a rare genetic disease of autosomal inheritance or X-linked, characterized by genomic instability and hypersensitivity to DNA cross-linking agents like diepoxybutane and mitomycin C (MMC). The basis for its diagnosis is an abnormal response to these substances, which constitutes a unique cell marker and manifests as an increased chromosomal breakage rate.

Objective: Analyze the chromosomal breakages induced by mitomycin C in peripheral blood lymphocytes of Cuban patients with suspicion of Fanconi anemia.

Methods: A study was conducted of chromosomal breakages induced by mitomycin C at various concentrations in cultures of T lymphocytes from venous peripheral blood of 32 patients with clinical suspicion of Fanconi anemia and an equal number of control subjects.

Results: At the end of the analysis, six patients (20%) were diagnosed with Fanconi anemia. Of these, four showed a high percentage of breakages and two had somatic mosaicism. From a clinical point of view, four had aplastic anemia and two only presented dysmorphic features typical of the disease.

Conclusions: Evaluation of the chromosomal breakages induced by mitomycin C led to the definitive diagnosis of Fanconi anemia in patients with a history of aplastic anemia, even in the absence of congenital anomalies. This is the first study of its type in a group of Cuban patients.


Author Biographies

Reinaldo Gutiérrez Gutiérrez, Centro Nacional de Genética Médica

Licenciado en Farmacia, MsC e Investigador Auxiliar del Laboratorio de Estrés Oxidativo

Judith Beatriz Pupo Balboa, Centro Nacional de Genética Médica

Médico especialista en Bioquímica Clínica, Dr.C e Investigador Auxiliar del Laboratorio de Estrés Oxidativo del Centro Nacional de Genética Médica

Kalia Lavaut Sánchez, Instituto Nacional de Hematología e inmunología

Médico Especialista en Genética Clínica e investigador Auxiliar, Servicio de Genética Clínica

Yohandra Calixto Robert, Hospital Pediátrico “Juan Manuel Márquez”. La Habana. Cuba

Médico Especialista en Genética Clínica, Profesor Instructor, Servicio de Genética Clínica

Sergio Machín García, Instituto Nacional de Hematología e inmunología

Médico especialista de II Grado Hematología, Profesor e Investigador Auxiliar, Jefe del Servicio de Pediatría del Instituto Nacional de Hematología e inmunología

Published

2021-04-06

How to Cite

1.
Gutiérrez Gutiérrez R, Pupo Balboa JB, Lavaut Sánchez K, Calixto Robert Y, Machín García S. Cytogenetic diagnosis of Fanconi anemia in Cuban patients with clinical suspicion of the disease. Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter [Internet]. 2021 Apr. 6 [cited 2025 Feb. 2];37(1). Available from: https://revhematologia.sld.cu/index.php/hih/article/view/1260

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