Convalescent plasma therapy prevents acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with SARS-CoV-2 virus disease

Authors

  • Consuelo Macías Abraham Instituto de Hematologia e Inmunología https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5484-096X
  • Delia Esther Porto González Ministerio de Salud Pública
  • Ariel Legrá Ayala Banco Provincial de Sangre de La Habana
  • Mariela Forrellat Barrios Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1590-9191
  • Rosa María Lam Díaz Instituto de Hematología e Inunología
  • Damisela Cordoví Rodríguez Banco Provincial de Sangre de La Habana
  • Lillebit Ortega León Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología
  • Laura Ballester Planes Banco de Sangre Provincial de La Habana
  • Kalina García Domínguez Banco de Sangre Provincial de La Habana
  • Zuleidi González Maldonado Banco de Sangre Provincial de La Habana
  • Zunilda FrómetaTolón Banco de Sangre Provincial de La Habana
  • Milaidys Rodríguez Hernández Banco de Sangre Municipal de 10 de Octubre, La Habana
  • Judith Rodríguez Alonso Hospital Militar Central "Luis Díaz Soto"
  • Tania Morales Quiñones Hospital Militar Central "Luis Díaz Soto"
  • Thalia Valdivia Valido Hospital Militar Central "Luis Díaz Soto"
  • Irinia Valdivia Alvarez Centro de Inmunoensayos
  • Aurora Delahanty Fernández Centro de Inmunoensayos
  • Darien Ortega León Centro de Inmunoensayos
  • Ariel Palenzuela Díaz Centro de Inmunoensayos
  • Vivian Kourí Cardellá Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Pedro Kourí"

Keywords:

convalescent plasma, SARS-CoV-2 virus, COVID-19, coronavirus, ARDS

Abstract

BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 disease 2019 is a pandemic with no specific therapeutic agents and substantial mortality. The success of convalescent plasma therapy is based on the transfused plasma had high concentrations of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, and on the safe preparation of serum to eliminate potential risk factors, such as the transmission of viruses via transfusion.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Five patients laboratory confirmed COVID-19, diagnosed using reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) classified like of care and seriously non-ventilated patients with moderate hypoxemia were received 300 mL convalescent plasma treatment. Each donation was tested for antibody titersIgG class anti-SARS-CoV-2 by UMELISA. The transfused plasma units had an average antibody titer of 836.00 ± 617.155. The time interval between the onset of symptoms and transfusion was 9 days (7.20± 3). Before and after each transfusion, clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated.
RESULTS:At 24-hour after the plasma transfusion, oxygen partial pressure increased from medium value of 70.4 to 101.6 mm Hg, C-reactive protein and lactate dehydrogenase enzyme values decreased in 3 of 5 patients; however, the ferritin values increased in all the patients. Post-transfusion hospital discharge time was from 48 hours to 12 days and the SARS-CoV-2 PCR was negative between 3 and 5 days. No adverse transfusion reactions were reported.
CONCLUSION:This report emphasis about the efficacy and security of convalescent plasma transfusion to care and seriously non-ventilated patients infected like a preventive therapy for severe respiratory distress for SARS-CoV-2 virus disease.

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Author Biography

Mariela Forrellat Barrios, Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología

Licenciada en Bioquímica, Master en Bioquímica de la Nutrición, Profesora e Investigadora Auxiliar, Secretaria de la Junta de Gobierno de la Sociedad Cubana de Hematología.  Secretaria del Comité Editorial de la Revista Cubana de Hematología Inmunología y Hemoterapia, Miembro del comité editorial del sitio web del IHI.

Published

2020-08-27

How to Cite

1.
Macías Abraham C, Porto González DE, Legrá Ayala A, Forrellat Barrios M, Lam Díaz RM, Cordoví Rodríguez D, et al. Convalescent plasma therapy prevents acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with SARS-CoV-2 virus disease. Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter [Internet]. 2020 Aug. 27 [cited 2025 May 9];36. Available from: https://revhematologia.sld.cu/index.php/hih/article/view/1299

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Artículos Originales