Severe Combined Immunodeficiency: Case presentation

Authors

  • Jesús Salím Burón Hernández Hospital Pediátrico Docente “William Soler Ledea.” https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4387-5021
  • Concepción Insua Arregui Hospital Pediátrico Docente “William Soler Ledea.”

Keywords:

primary immunodeficiencies, severe combined immunodeficiency, intensive care unit.

Abstract

Introduction: Primary Immunodeficiencies are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders caused by defects in development or function of the immune system. Severe Combined Immunodeficiencies constitute 15% of the primary immunodeficiencies, they are acute and patients rarely survive without treatment after the first year of life, requiring a quick diagnosis and treatment.

Objective: To present a case on Severe Combined Immunodeficiency, a condition infrequently reported and with unfavorable evolution.

Case presentation: Six-month-old male infant with a history of four admissions to the Intensive Care Unit due to infections, in the latterone due to bilateral bronchopneumonia. He was evaluated by Immunology and a Severe Combined Immunodeficiency was diagnosed by the clinic (infections by opportunistic germs: Candida albicans and Pneumocistys jirovecii) and immunological studies (with a decrease in IgG antibodies: 0.02 g/L, IgM: 0.1 g/L and IgA: 0 g/L), decreased lymphocyte subpopulations (CD3/CD4: 9.3%, CD3/CD8: 5.6%, CD19: 0%, CD 16: 0.73%), in addition to severe thymic hypoplasia (120 mm2). Treatment with broad spectrum antimicrobials and immunostimulants (Hebertrans and Biomodulin T) was started. He evolved unfavorably and died of septic shock.

Conclusions: Severe Combined Immunodeficiency is a pediatric emergency that must be taken into account in patients with a history of recurrent infections, it is vital to know the early clinical manifestations that allow a suspected diagnosis, making use of all the available tools for its confirmation. Early diagnosis is the key element in reducing morbidity and mortality related to these diseases.

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Author Biography

Jesús Salím Burón Hernández, Hospital Pediátrico Docente “William Soler Ledea.”

Médico Especialista de Primer Grado en Inmunología Profesor del Instituto de Ciencias Básicas y Preclínicas Victoria de Girón

Published

2022-02-14

How to Cite

1.
Burón Hernández JS, Insua Arregui C. Severe Combined Immunodeficiency: Case presentation. Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter [Internet]. 2022 Feb. 14 [cited 2025 Jun. 21];38(1). Available from: https://revhematologia.sld.cu/index.php/hih/article/view/1466

Issue

Section

Presentaciones de casos