Morbidity and mortality of 599 sickle cell disease patients in the Institute of Hematology and Immunology

Authors

  • Sergio Arturo Machín García Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8727-5896
  • Eva Svarch Guerchicoff Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología
  • Olga Margarita Agramonte Llanes Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología
  • Andrea Menéndez Veitía Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología
  • Rosa María Lam Díaz Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología

Keywords:

sickle cell disease, clinical events, mortality, hemoglobin S

Abstract

Introduction: Sickle cell disease is the most common congenital hemolytic anemia in the world. Between 5 to 15% of the world population is a carrier of hemoglobin S and in Cuba, the frequency is 3.08%, which represents a public health problem.

Objective: To characterize the clinical picture, the hematological profile, and the probability of survival of patients with sickle cell disease at the Institute of Hematology and Immunology. Method: A descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study was carried out, which included all patients followed up for at least two years at the institution between January 1973 and December 2009.

Results: 599 patients (285 male), 439 SS/Sβ0tal and 160 SC/Sβ+tal, were included. The mean follow-up was 17.6±9.5 years. Patients between 20 and 59 years old predominated. The most frequent clinical events were painful vasocclusive crises, infections, acute chest syndrome, and liver complications. The reticulocytes, platelets, leukocytes and fetal hemoglobin values were significantly higher in the SS/Sβ0tal patients, but not the total hemoglobin, which was higher in the SC/Sβ+tal. The overall survival probability of patients at 45 years was 70%. Stroke (17.5%), liver complications (17.5%), and cardiac complications (14.28%) were the main causes of death.

Conclusions: The demographic distribution and by hemoglobinopathies, the clinical events, and the hematological profile were similar to those found in patients from other geographic regions, except the frequency of liver complications, which was higher. The probability of survival was comparable with the best care centers in the world.

 

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Author Biography

Sergio Arturo Machín García, Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología

Especialista de II Grado en Hematología, Profesor e Investigador Auxiliar, Máster en Atención Integral al Niño. Jefe de Servicio de Pediátrica del Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología. Miembro de la Sociedad Internacional de Hematología. Miembro de la Junta de Gobierno de la Sociedad Cubana de Hematología.

Published

2022-02-28

How to Cite

1.
Machín García SA, Svarch Guerchicoff E, Agramonte Llanes OM, Menéndez Veitía A, Lam Díaz RM. Morbidity and mortality of 599 sickle cell disease patients in the Institute of Hematology and Immunology. Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter [Internet]. 2022 Feb. 28 [cited 2025 Mar. 13];38(1). Available from: https://revhematologia.sld.cu/index.php/hih/article/view/1519

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Section

Artículos Originales